Introduction: Transforming India Through Welfare and Innovation
Since 2014, Prime Minister Narendra Modi has launched multiple schemes focusing on inclusive development, rural upliftment, women empowerment, and digital transformation. By 2025, these schemes have expanded, improved, and adapted to changing needs, covering areas like housing, education, health, agriculture, employment, environment, and infrastructure.
Housing and Urban Development Schemes
1. Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana (PMAY)
- Goal: “Housing for All” by 2025.
- Urban PMAY: Subsidies of up to ₹2.67 lakh on home loans.
- Gramin PMAY: Free housing assistance up to ₹1.2 lakh in rural areas.
- 2025 Update: Use of green materials and solar rooftops.
Health & Sanitation Schemes
2. Ayushman Bharat – PM Jan Arogya Yojana (PM-JAY)
- World’s largest health insurance scheme.
- Coverage: ₹5 lakh/family/year.
- 12 crore e-cards issued, millions of treatments delivered free.
3. Swachh Bharat Mission 2.0
- Focus on solid waste management, greywater reuse, and urban cleanliness.
- Over 12 crore toilets constructed since 2014.
4. Jal Jeevan Mission
- Provides tap water to every rural household.
- 13+ crore homes covered by 2025.
Education & Skill Development Schemes
5. National Education Policy (NEP) 2020 Implementation
- Emphasizes multilingualism, vocational training, and holistic report cards.
6. PM eVidya
- Unified digital platform for remote education.
- Digital education through TV, radio, and internet.
7. PM Kaushal Vikas Yojana (PMKVY 4.0)
- Skilling youth in AI, robotics, digital marketing, and green jobs.
- 1 crore+ youth trained since inception.
Women Empowerment Schemes
8. Beti Bachao Beti Padhao
- Awareness campaign to improve girl child education and survival.
- Improves female sex ratio and school enrollment.
9. Mahila Samman Savings Certificate
- Offers 7.5% interest on deposits up to ₹2 lakh over 2 years.
- Encourages savings among women.
10. Free Sewing Machine Scheme
- Distributed to poor women for income generation.
- Focus on SHGs (Self Help Groups) and rural tailoring businesses.
11. Lakhpati Didi Yojana
- Aims to make 2 crore rural women earn ₹1 lakh/year.
- Trained in dairy, crafts, agriculture, tailoring, and digital skills.
Agriculture & Farmer Welfare Schemes
12. PM-KISAN Samman Nidhi
- ₹6,000/year transferred in 3 installments to small & marginal farmers.
- Over 11 crore beneficiaries in 2025.
13. PM Fasal Bima Yojana
- Low premium crop insurance for farmers.
- AI-based assessment tools introduced in 2025.
14. Kisan Credit Card (KCC)
- Short-term loans up to ₹1.6 lakh at 4% interest.
- Expanded to include fishers and dairy farmers.
Employment & Entrepreneurship
15. MUDRA Yojana
- Loans up to ₹10 lakh for micro businesses.
- Divided into Shishu, Kishor, and Tarun categories.
16. Startup India
- Financial & tax support to new startups.
- Dedicated fund for deep-tech, AI, biotech ventures.
17. PMEGP (Prime Minister’s Employment Generation Programme)
- Subsidized loans for new enterprises.
- Focus on rural manufacturing & handicrafts.
Pension & Insurance for the Marginalized
18. Atal Pension Yojana
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- Provides ₹1,000 to ₹5,000 pension per month after age 60.
19. PM Suraksha Bima Yojana
- ₹2 lakh accident insurance at ₹20/year.
20. PM Jeevan Jyoti Bima Yojana
- ₹2 lakh life cover at ₹436/year.
Digital India & Financial Inclusion
21. Digital India Mission
- Aims to empower citizens through access to technology.
- Internet, e-governance, and AI-based services to every village.
22. DigiLocker
- Online secure cloud storage for documents like Aadhaar, DL, marks cards.
23. Unified Payments Interface (UPI)
- Cross-border UPI launched.
- UPI Lite, UPI 123Pay rolled out in 2025.
Infrastructure Development
24. Gati Shakti Master Plan
- Mega infrastructure plan integrating transport, logistics, and industry.
25. Bharatmala Pariyojana
- Upgraded national highways, border roads, and rural connectivity.
26. Smart Cities Mission
- 100 cities transformed with modern public services, CCTV, app-based governance.
Green Energy & Environment
27. PM Surya Ghar Muft Bijli Yojana
- Solar rooftops for 1 crore households.
- Up to 300 units/month of free electricity.
28. National Hydrogen Mission
- India aims to become a green hydrogen global hub.
29. FAME India Scheme
- Subsidies for electric two-wheelers, e-buses, and EV infrastructure.
SC/ST/OBC & Minority Welfare
30. Stand-Up India
- Loans of ₹10 lakh to ₹1 crore for SC/ST and women entrepreneurs.
31. Pre & Post Matric Scholarships
- For SC/ST/OBC/Minority students.
32. Eklavya Model Schools
- Residential schools for tribal children in remote areas.
Budget 2025 – Major Allocations (Approximate)
| Scheme | Budget (₹ Cr) |
|---|---|
| PM-KISAN | ₹75,000 |
| Ayushman Bharat | ₹86,000 |
| Jal Jeevan Mission | ₹80,000 |
| Education Sector | ₹1,12,000 |
| Women Empowerment Programs | ₹40,000 |
| Digital India | ₹35,000 |
| PMEGP/Startup/MUDRA | ₹50,000+ |
Achievements So Far
- 12 crore+ toilets built
- 13 crore+ tap water connections
- ₹2.25 lakh crore transferred under PM-KISAN
- 7 crore loans under MUDRA
- Over 10 crore Ayushman Bharat cards issued
- UPI transactions: 12 billion+/month
Challenges & Criticism
- Delays in DBT for PM-KISAN and PMEGP
- Awareness gaps in tribal and rural areas
- Aadhaar-bank linking errors
- Slow grievance redressal in health claims
Major Portals to Access Schemes
| Portal | Purpose |
|---|---|
| pmkisan.gov.in | Farmer income support |
| pmaymis.gov.in | Housing scheme (urban) |
| startupindia.gov.in | Register startups |
| pib.gov.in | Govt scheme news |
| digilocker.gov.in | Document storage |
| pmsuryaghar.gov.in | Rooftop solar application |
Conclusion: Building “Viksit Bharat” by 2047
The Modi Schemes of 2025 are a comprehensive package of empowerment, development, and innovation. They are designed to:
- Lift the poor out of poverty
- Provide world-class infrastructure
- Boost digital and green innovation
Through direct benefit transfer, data-driven governance, and real-time monitoring, the government envisions a self-reliant, equitable, and developed India.
